Potassium hydroxide is a kind of common inorganic base, chemical formula is Koh, molecular weight is 56.1. Next, follow Xiaobian to learn about ammonium chloride related information! Xiaobian is waiting for you here!

氫氧化鉀的性質(zhì)

Properties of potassium hydroxide

白色粉末或片狀固體，熔點(diǎn)380 ℃，沸點(diǎn)1324 ℃，相對密度2.04 g/cm3，折射率n20/D 1.421，蒸汽壓1mmHg（719 ℃）。其性質(zhì)與氫氧化鈉相似，具強(qiáng)堿性及腐蝕性，0.1 mol/L溶液的pH為13.5。極易吸收空氣中水分而潮解，吸收二氧化碳而成碳酸鉀。溶于約0.6份熱水、0.9份冷水、3份乙醇、2.5份甘油，微溶于醚。當(dāng)溶解于水、醇或用酸處理時(shí)產(chǎn)生大量熱量。中等毒，半數(shù)致死量（大鼠，經(jīng)口）1230 mg/kg。

White powder or flake solid, melting point 380 ℃, boiling point 1324 ℃, relative density 2.04 g / cm3, refractive index N20 / D 1.421, vapor pressure 1mmhg (719 ℃). Its properties are similar to that of sodium hydroxide. It is strongly alkaline and corrosive. The pH of 0.1 mol / L solution is 13.5. Easy to absorb moisture in the air and deliquescence, absorption of carbon dioxide and potassium carbonate. It is soluble in about 0.6 parts of hot water, 0.9 parts of cold water, 3 parts of ethanol, 2.5 parts of glycerol, slightly soluble in ether. When dissolved in water, alcohol or treated with acid, a large amount of heat is generated. The median lethal dose (rat, oral) was 1230 mg / kg.

氫氧化鉀的危害

Harm of potassium hydroxide

健康危害：該品有強(qiáng)烈腐蝕性。吸入后強(qiáng)烈刺激呼吸道或造成灼傷。皮膚和眼直接接觸可引起灼傷；口服灼傷消化道，可致死。

Health hazard: the product is highly corrosive. Strong irritation to respiratory tract or burn after inhalation. Direct contact with the skin and eyes can cause burns; oral burns of the digestive tract can be fatal.

慢性影響：肺損害。

Chronic effects: lung damage.

危險(xiǎn)特性：該品不會燃燒，遇水和水蒸氣大量放熱，形成腐蝕性溶液。與酸發(fā)生中和反應(yīng)并放熱。具有強(qiáng)腐蝕性。

Hazard characteristics: the product will not burn, when meeting with water and steam, it will release a lot of heat and form corrosive solution. Neutralization reaction with acid and exothermic. It is highly corrosive.

燃燒（分解）產(chǎn)物：可能產(chǎn)生有害的毒性煙霧。

Combustion (decomposition) products: may produce harmful toxic smoke.

呼吸系統(tǒng)防護(hù)：必要時(shí)佩帶防毒口罩。

Respiratory protection: wear gas mask when necessary.

使用限量

Usage limit

FAO/WHO（1984）：配制嬰兒食品、速凍法式油炸土豆、食用酪蛋白酸鹽，GMP；可可粉及含糖可可粉、可可豆粉、可可液塊及可可油餅，5 g/kg（以無脂可可及K2CO3計(jì)）。

FAO / who (1984): formulated baby food, frozen French fried potatoes, edible caseinate, GMP; cocoa powder and sugar containing cocoa powder, cocoa bean powder, cocoa liquid block and cocoa butter cake, 5 g / kg (based on fat free cocoa and K2CO3).

措施

Safety measures

皮膚接觸：立即脫去污染的衣著，用大量流動清水沖洗少15分鐘。就醫(yī)。

Skin contact: take off contaminated clothes immediately and rinse with plenty of flowing water for at least 15 minutes. See a doctor.

眼睛接觸：立即提起眼瞼，用大量流動清水或生理鹽水徹底沖洗少15分鐘。就醫(yī)。

Eye contact: lift eyelids immediately and rinse thoroughly with plenty of flowing water or normal saline for at least 15 minutes. See a doctor.

吸入：迅速脫離現(xiàn)場空氣新鮮處。保持呼吸道通暢。如呼吸困難，給輸氧。如呼吸停止，立即進(jìn)行人工呼吸。就醫(yī)。

Inhalation: quickly leave the scene to fresh air. Keep respiratory tract unobstructed. If you have difficulty breathing, give oxygen. If breathing stops, give artificial respiration immediately. See a doctor.

食入：用水漱口，給飲牛奶或蛋清。就醫(yī)。

Ingestion: gargle with water and drink milk or egg white. See a doctor.

滅火方法：用水、砂土撲救，但須防止物品遇水產(chǎn)生飛濺，造成灼傷。

Fire fighting method: use water and sand to put out the fire, but prevent the splashing of articles in contact with water, causing burns.

應(yīng)急處理：隔離泄漏污染區(qū)，限制出入。建議應(yīng)急處理人員戴防塵面具（罩），穿防酸堿工作服。不要直接接觸泄漏物。小量泄漏：用潔凈的鏟子收集于干燥、潔凈、有蓋的容器中。也可以用大量水沖洗，洗水稀釋后放入廢水系統(tǒng)。大量泄漏：收集回收或運(yùn)廢物處理場所處置。

Emergency treatment: isolate the contaminated area and restrict access. It is suggested that the emergency treatment personnel should wear dust masks (full face masks) and acid-base protective clothing. Do not touch the leakage directly. Small leakage: collect with clean shovel in dry, clean and covered container. It can also be washed with a large amount of water and diluted into the waste water system. Large amount of leakage: collect and recycle or transport to waste treatment site for disposal.